What is FH or FOH?
"The human factor is the term used by specialists in personal safety and facility security to describe human behavior at work. It is frequently invoked in the analysis of industrial disasters, workplace accidents, and in court cases or commissions of inquiry. It is associated with the idea of fault. Paradoxically, this negative view of human intervention is based on unwavering confidence in technology and a lack of understanding of the human sciences."¹
"These are mechanisms whose understanding allows us to explain and anticipate the mental and physiological functioning of an individual or group in a work situation."²
1 DEJOURS, C. (2010). The Human Factor. PUF.
2 IRBA , (Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute). (n.d.). MRM (Maintenance Resource Management) trainer training.
Read on to find out more!
FH draws on knowledge from disciplines in the hard sciences such as neuroscience, physiology, and ergonomics, as well as the social sciences, psychology, sociology, and even ethnology.
FH or FOH is therefore focused on improving safety and/or performance. Another branch of FH,UX Design, is more specifically concerned with ergonomics, but in the field of product design.
This branch will not be part of our offering, but we will be able to enter into agreements with specialists.
The FH, Why?
It is about understanding how humans work, drawing inspiration from this, and taking it into account. It will no longer be solely up to humans to adapt to the tool; the tool will also have to be adapted to humans.
This concept broadens the field in a way and introduces the idea of "thinking about the company" as a whole (corporate culture, managementstyle, management), considering group behaviors, and studying the processes and human interactions related to the organization.
Civil and military aviation, the nuclear industry (particularly following Chernobyl), and the space industry were the first to adopt it. Then it was the turn of certain car manufacturers, the medical world, rail transport, and other high-risk activities to gradually join this movement, as they too sought to make their activities safer.
With regard to aeronautics specifically, Regulation ( EU) No. 1321/2014 on continuing airworthiness , as well as Basic Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and ICAO, refer to the concept of "Human Factors" training through PART 145 and CAMO.
The FH, Who is CAMO for?
Accordingto AMC3 CAMO.A.305(g), the following persons must be trained in FH:
• Designatedmanagers ,
• Product line managers involved in continuing airworthiness management,
• Compliance management system personnel,
• Safety management system personnel,
• Personnel directly involved in the application of FH,
• Internal occurrence analyst,
• Safety training instructor (including FH),
• Airworthiness review personnel,
•Technical support personnel (planners, specialists, records management personnel,
•Personnel involved in the development and revision of maintenance programs, the evaluation of their effectiveness, and working on reliability programs,
• Temporary personnel on fixed-term contracts in the above roles.
Although the CAMO Part does not formally specify this, the following personnel should also receive this type of FH training:
• The Responsible Manager: he must have a good understanding of his responsibilities towards the organization and therefore have at least an awareness of Human Factors,
•Personnel of non-approved subcontractors working under the organization's approval.
The FH, Who is Part 145 for?
According toAMC 145.A.30(e), the list of persons concerned by this FH training for Part 145 is as follows:
• Part 145 maintenancemanagers , managers, and supervisors,
• Qualitypersonnel and auditors,
• Personnel dedicated to the Human Factors approach (Human Factors coordinators, Human Factors trainers, etc.),
• APRSpersonnel , support personnel, and technicians, including specialized service personnel,
• Technicalpersonnel working in support services such as the technical office, preparation, and document management,
• Logisticspersonnel (warehouse staff, buyers, etc.),
• Personnel managing and operating ground equipment (platforms, groups, access, docks, etc.).
Although Part 145 does not formally specify this, the following personnel should also receive this type of FH training:
• The Responsible Manager: they must have a good understanding of their responsibilities towards the organization and therefore have at least an awareness of Human Factors,
• Temporary staff on fixed-term contracts,
• Staff of non-approved subcontractors working under the organization's approval,
• Staff of the safety management system linked to the SGS 2008 decree (manager/coordinators, investigators linked to events).
